考研英语中的长难句通常包含多个从句或复杂的结构，理解这些句子需要掌握一定的语法知识和阅读技巧。以下是一些经典的长难句及其分析：
句子结构
主语：The same curiosity
谓语：inspires
宾语：astronomers today to explore the heavens
状语：
to find what lies beyond the horizon
that first brought early Polynesians to Hawaii’s shores
参考译文：探索地平线以外世界的好奇心最先把早起的波利尼西亚人带到了夏威夷海岸，正是同样的好奇心激励着当今的天文学家去探索天空。
句子结构
主语：That
谓语：suggests
宾语：a lot can be achieved
状语：
by using artificial intelligence in hiring and promotion decisions
providing the programming is done correctly and focuses on candidate qualifications
参考译文：这表明，如果编程正确且专注于候选人资格，通过在招聘和晋升决策中使用人工智能可以取得很多成就。
句子结构
主语：The overall result
谓语：has been to make
宾语：entrance to professional geological journals harder for amateurs
状语：
by the widespread introduction of refereeing
first by national journals in the nineteenth century and then by several local geological journals in the twentieth century
参考译文：总体结果是，业余爱好者进入专业地质期刊的难度加大，这一结果通过19世纪国家期刊和20世纪几家地方地质期刊的广泛引入审稿制度而得到加强。
句子结构
主语：Pearson
谓语：points out
宾语：
that is only the start of man-machine integration
定语从句：
It will be the beginning of the long process of integration
that will ultimately lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century
参考译文：但皮尔逊指出，这只是人机整合的开始：“这将是最终导致下个世纪末完全电子化人类的漫长整合过程的开始。”
句子结构
主语：Robert Fulton
谓语：wrote
宾语：The mechanic should sit down among levers, screws, wedges, wheels, etc., like a poet among the letters of the alphabet, considering them as an exhibition of his thoughts, in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea.
定语从句：
in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea
参考译文：罗伯特·富尔顿曾经写道，机械师应该坐在杠杆、螺丝、楔子、轮子等中间，就像诗人坐在字母中间一样，把他们看作是他思想的展示，在这种展示中，新的排列传递了新的想法。
句子结构
主语：John Donahue
谓语：points out
宾语：
that the norms of culture in Western civil services suit those who want to stay put but is bad for high achievers
宾语从句：
who want to stay put
but is bad for high achievers
参考译文：哈佛肯尼迪学院的约翰·多纳休指出，西方公务员的文化规范适合那些想要安于现状的人，但对高成就者不利。
句子结构
主语：Those with degrees from elite universities
谓语：catch up
状语：
fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been
if they had graduated in better times
主语从句：
where they otherwise would have been
参考译文：那些拥有名校学位的人能够迅速赶上他们在更好时代的情况下所能达到的位置。
掌握这些长难句的结构和语法特点，可以帮助考生更好地理解和分析考研英语中的复杂句子。建议多读英文文章，积累经验，提高阅读速度和理解能力。