考研求导公式有哪些

黑白机器人 · 2024-12-26 21:04:12

考研求导公式主要包括以下几类:

常数函数求导

( f(x) = c ),则 ( f'(x) = 0 )

幂函数求导

( f(x) = x^n ),则 ( f'(x) = n x^{n-1} )

指数函数求导

( f(x) = e^x ),则 ( f'(x) = e^x )

对数函数求导

( f(x) = log_a(x) ),则 ( f'(x) = frac{1}{x ln a} )

三角函数求导

( f(x) = sin x ),则 ( f'(x) = cos x )

( f(x) = cos x ),则 ( f'(x) = -sin x )

( f(x) = tan x ),则 ( f'(x) = sec^2 x )

( f(x) = cot x ),则 ( f'(x) = -csc^2 x )

( f(x) = arcsin(x) ),则 ( f'(x) = frac{1}{sqrt{1 - x^2}} )

( f(x) = arccos(x) ),则 ( f'(x) = -frac{1}{sqrt{1 - x^2}} )

( f(x) = arctan(x) ),则 ( f'(x) = frac{1}{1 + x^2} )

( f(x) = text{arcctan}(x) ),则 ( f'(x) = -frac{1}{1 + x^2} )

反三角函数求导

( f(x) = arcsin(x) ),则 ( f'(x) = frac{1}{sqrt{1 - x^2}} )

( f(x) = arccos(x) ),则 ( f'(x) = -frac{1}{sqrt{1 - x^2}} )

( f(x) = arctan(x) ),则 ( f'(x) = frac{1}{1 + x^2} )

( f(x) = text{arcctan}(x) ),则 ( f'(x) = -frac{1}{1 + x^2} )

复合函数求导

( f(g(x)) ),则 ( f'(x) = f'(g(x)) cdot g'(x) )

和、差、积的求导

( (f(x) + g(x))' = f'(x) + g'(x) )

( (f(x) - g(x))' = f'(x) - g'(x) )

( (f(x) cdot g(x))' = f'(x) cdot g(x) + f(x) cdot g'(x) )

商的求导

( left( frac{f(x)}{g(x)} right)' = frac{f'(x) cdot g(x) - f(x) cdot g'(x)}{g(x)^2} )

高阶导数公式

一阶导数: ( f'(x) = lim_{h to 0} frac{f(x + h) - f(x)}{h} )

二阶导数: ( f''(x) = lim_{h to 0} frac{f'(x + h) - f'(x)}{h} )

三阶导数: ( f'''(x) = lim_{h to 0} frac{f''(x + h) - f''(x)}{h} )

四阶导数: ( f''''(x) = lim_{h to 0} frac{f'''(x + h) - f'''(x)}{h} )

这些公式是考研数学中常用的求导公式,掌握这些公式对于解决考研中的

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