考研求导公式主要包括以下几类:
常数函数求导
( f(x) = c ),则 ( f'(x) = 0 )
幂函数求导
( f(x) = x^n ),则 ( f'(x) = n x^{n-1} )
指数函数求导
( f(x) = e^x ),则 ( f'(x) = e^x )
对数函数求导
( f(x) = log_a(x) ),则 ( f'(x) = frac{1}{x ln a} )
三角函数求导
( f(x) = sin x ),则 ( f'(x) = cos x )
( f(x) = cos x ),则 ( f'(x) = -sin x )
( f(x) = tan x ),则 ( f'(x) = sec^2 x )
( f(x) = cot x ),则 ( f'(x) = -csc^2 x )
( f(x) = arcsin(x) ),则 ( f'(x) = frac{1}{sqrt{1 - x^2}} )
( f(x) = arccos(x) ),则 ( f'(x) = -frac{1}{sqrt{1 - x^2}} )
( f(x) = arctan(x) ),则 ( f'(x) = frac{1}{1 + x^2} )
( f(x) = text{arcctan}(x) ),则 ( f'(x) = -frac{1}{1 + x^2} )
反三角函数求导
( f(x) = arcsin(x) ),则 ( f'(x) = frac{1}{sqrt{1 - x^2}} )
( f(x) = arccos(x) ),则 ( f'(x) = -frac{1}{sqrt{1 - x^2}} )
( f(x) = arctan(x) ),则 ( f'(x) = frac{1}{1 + x^2} )
( f(x) = text{arcctan}(x) ),则 ( f'(x) = -frac{1}{1 + x^2} )
复合函数求导
( f(g(x)) ),则 ( f'(x) = f'(g(x)) cdot g'(x) )
和、差、积的求导
( (f(x) + g(x))' = f'(x) + g'(x) )
( (f(x) - g(x))' = f'(x) - g'(x) )
( (f(x) cdot g(x))' = f'(x) cdot g(x) + f(x) cdot g'(x) )
商的求导
( left( frac{f(x)}{g(x)} right)' = frac{f'(x) cdot g(x) - f(x) cdot g'(x)}{g(x)^2} )
高阶导数公式
一阶导数: ( f'(x) = lim_{h to 0} frac{f(x + h) - f(x)}{h} )
二阶导数: ( f''(x) = lim_{h to 0} frac{f'(x + h) - f'(x)}{h} )
三阶导数: ( f'''(x) = lim_{h to 0} frac{f''(x + h) - f''(x)}{h} )
四阶导数: ( f''''(x) = lim_{h to 0} frac{f'''(x + h) - f'''(x)}{h} )
这些公式是考研数学中常用的求导公式,掌握这些公式对于解决考研中的